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In 1970, the German state of Hesse passed the first data protection law in the world.

Over the decades, Germany broadened and deepened its definition of privacy.

To respect and protect it shall be the duty of all state authority.

That’s one of the reasons why the very first article of (then still only West) Germany’s post-war constitution reads: As with many other aspects of the Nazi regime, post-war Germany resolved Nie wieder (“Never again”) when it came to violations of privacy. In both systems, citizens effectively ceased to have a right to privacy, and could be branded criminals for private thoughts or acts, resulting in severe punishment.